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Функції
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Приклади
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Підмет
Після формального підмету it
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To save money is not easy.
To grow vegetables here seems
impossible.
It is
dangerous to go there alone.
It would
be a mistake to build a house
here.
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Частина складного підмету (Complex Subject)
- Після дієслів say, believe, know, expect, think, state,
announce і
т.п.
- Після прикметників (un)likely, certain, sure
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She is
known to have the best garden in
town.
He is said
to have lived in Ukraine.
He proved to be a good friend.
The bridge
appears to have been built centuries ago.
He is
likely to know her phone number.
She is
certain to sell her house.
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Частина складеного іменного
присудка
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His aim is
to keep these things secret.
This man
is easy to talk to.
Your
mistake was to write this letter.
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Частина складеного
дієслівного присудка
- З модальними дієсловами
- З дієсловами, що характеризують перебіг дії begin, start, continue,
cease, would, used to
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You ought to go to bed earlier.
Should I phone her?
Katia’s
just started to unpack her things.
My mother
used to work in this building.
He would
take me to the Zoo every Saturday.
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Додаток
- Після дієслів: want, wish, decide, aim, fail, hurry, manage,
offer, prepare, refuse, try struggle, hesitate, afford, attempt,
deserve, hate, love, like, prefer, plan, ask, choose, hope, promise,
remember, swear, forget
- Після прикметників і дієприкметників: glad, pleased, happy,
sorry, able, afraid, ready, useless, fortunate, ashamed
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We asked
to speak to the manager.
I can’t
afford to buy a new car.
Please
remember to pay the bill.
Don’t
hesitate to ask any questions.
Can you
promise to be on time?
I’m
pleased to meet you.
Sorry to have missed you in the airport.
He was
ready to help us.
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Частина складного додатку (ComplexObject)
- Після дієслів want, wish, like, would,
like, need, prefer, consider, believe, know, think, prove, suppose,
expect (з
to)
- Після дієслів чуттєвого сприйняття see, watch, feel,
notice (без to)
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I want you
to speak to the teacher.
I suppose
him to be about 60.
He expects
me to arrive tomorrow.
I saw your
son drop litter in the street.
They heard
him cough.
I noticed
her light a cigarette.
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Означення
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He made an
attempt to stand up.
Their plan
to build a new school was not
taken seriously.
Have you
anything to say?
He’s the
first to come and the last to leave.
I had the
courage to admit my mistakes.
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Обставина
- цілі
- результат після слів enough, too
- наслідки
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He went to
Berlin to brush up his German.
She closed
the door so as not to wake her
son.
The tea
was too hot to drink.
She is not
old enough to travel alone.
He was too
experienced a businessman to accept
the first offer.
We came up
to him to see a changed man.
They
disappeared never to be seen again.
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Вставні фрази
to tell the truth, to be perfectly frank, to be
honest, to cut a long story short, to begin with, to put to another way, to
say the least
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To be honest, I don’t
like his friends.
To cut a long story short,
we came back.
I’ve never
met her, to tell you the truth.
He was rude to say the least of it.
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